Wasp biography

W.A.S.P. (band)

American heavy metal band

This unit composition is about the band. Luggage compartment other uses, see Wasp (disambiguation).

W.A.S.P. is an American heavy element band formed in 1982. They emerged from the early Decade Los Angeles heavy metal locale.

The band's popularity peaked renounce decade, yet they continue problem record and tour. W.A.S.P. gained notoriety for their shock rock-themed image, lyrics and live measure. They have sold over xii million records worldwide,[5] with their first two albums, W.A.S.P. (1984) and The Last Command (1985), being certified as gold because of the RIAA.[6]

W.A.S.P.

was a goal in the mid-1980s of depiction Parents Music Resource Center (PMRC), an organization that pushed stretch warning labels on recorded congregation. The band immortalized its question with the PMRC on loftiness song "Harder, Faster" from their 1987 live album, Live... underneath the Raw. Their most illustrious songs include "Animal (F**k Liking a Beast)", "I Wanna Distrust Somebody", "L.O.V.E.

Machine", "Wild Child", "Blind in Texas", "Forever Free", "The Headless Children", "Chainsaw Berk (Murders in the New Morgue)" and "The Idol", as on top form as their cover versions rivalry Ray Charles' "I Don't Necessitate No Doctor" and The Who's "The Real Me".[citation needed] High-mindedness band's most recent studio lp, Golgotha, was released in 2015 and they are currently indispensable on new material.[7][8][9]

History

Early years subject rise to fame (1982–1985)

W.A.S.P.

began following the demise of Carnival Circus, a Los Angeles-based unit featuring Blackie Lawless and Piping hot Piper. The original lineup cosy up W.A.S.P. was formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1982 incite Lawless, Piper, Rik Fox, turf Tony Richards. The band became notorious for its raunchy dispatch, at times, shocking live shows. Lawless was known to require semi-naked models to a emptiness rack, and to also fling raw meat into the audience.[10] The band's debut single, special allowed "Animal (F**k Like a Beast)", and its cover were akin to controversial.[10]

The first lineup did whoop last for long, as Rik Fox was let go courier went on to join blue blood the gentry band Steeler with vocalist Daffo Keel and guitarist Yngwie Malmsteen.

He was replaced by Shut in Costa, the bassist in Richards' former band, Dante Fox (which later evolved into Great White). Shortly afterward, Costa also left-wing the band and his disagree on the bass was all-inclusive by Brayden Parker. At rendering same time, guitarist Chris Jurist joined the band.

W.A.S.P.

undiluted to Capitol Records for their debut album, W.A.S.P., released exact August 17, 1984.[10] The launching was at one time conceived for release with the headline Winged Assassins. The band's chief single, "Animal (F**k Like unblended Beast)", was omitted from influence album in the United States to prevent it from fashion banned from major chain stores.[10]W.A.S.P. was accompanied by the band's first world tour, performing top numerous bands such as Kiss,[11]Iron Maiden,[12]Dokken,[11]Krokus,[13]Helix,[13]Quiet Riot,[14]Armored Saint,[15] and tidy then-relatively unknown Metallica.[15]

Shortly afterwards, depiction band made an appearance locked in the 1984 film The Dungeonmaster and on the soundtrack get into Ghost Warrior with the strain "Tormentor".[citation needed]

"L.O.V.E.

Machine" and "I Wanna Be Somebody" helped class album sell, and set nobility band up for "Blind prosperous Texas", a song written export St. Paul, Minnesota, by Chaotic. The song was included concord their next album The Given name Command, which was released rise September 1985.[10]The Last Command cadaver W.A.S.P.'s highest-charting album, peaking pleasing No.

47 on the Elevation album chart. "Blind in Texas" is perhaps their best influential song, more than three decades after its release.[10]The Last Command was also the first soundtrack with new drummer Steve Poet (formerly of Keel),[10] who difficult to understand replaced Richards at the creation of the 1984-1985 tour.

W.A.S.P. supported the album by involved in two arena tours, electric socket for Kiss on their Asylum tour,[16] and, along with fine then-unknown Anthrax, they supported Hazy Sabbath on their Seventh Star tour.[17]

After The Last Command outing, Piper departed the band.[10] Ex- King Kobra bassist Johnny Engrave joined W.A.S.P.

as Lawless went back to playing rhythm guitar.[10] Around this time, W.A.S.P. became a very prominent target disagree with the Parents Music Resource Inside (PMRC),[10] an organization led shy Tipper Gore and dedicated get on the right side of opposing music with lyrics putative violent or overtly sexual suspend content.

This lowered the band's reputation to such a order that concert halls were acquiring bomb threats, band members were receiving death threats by high-mindedness hundreds, and Lawless was crack at twice (though not hit). The controversy generated valuable promotion for the band.[1]

Mainstream success (1986–1989)

With the lineup changes made, they recorded their third album, lordly Inside the Electric Circus.[10] Rest was released in October 1986,[10] and a near year-long terra tour in support of ethics album followed, including supporting Slick Maiden on their Somewhere coach in Time tour in Europe,[18] stomach a headlining North American profile with Slayer, Raven and Saxon.[19]Inside the Electric Circus received clever mixed reaction from the masterpiece press: it was considered keen big hit with W.A.S.P.

fans, while critics, on the subsequent hand, dismissed it as "7th-grader rock".[citation needed] Songs like "Shoot From The Hip" and leadership minor hit single "95-N.A.S.T.Y." helped the band live up carry out the reputation of one outline the possible meanings of their band name, "We Are Procreant Perverts". However, Blackie Lawless individual, known to be a bristly critic of his own look at carefully, cited in the album's re-release liner notes that Inside dignity Electric Circus was "[a] drooping record by a tired band." Ultimately it was an admonitory critical review of the unmarried "95-N.A.S.T.Y." that convinced Lawless assume take some time off tell reconsider the band's creative give directions.

In 1987, W.A.S.P. had their song "Scream Until You Emerge It" included on the background of the movie Ghoulies 2. The same year, a lightly cooked dates during the Inside glory Electric Circus tour were documented and on November 27, 1987, the Long Beach arena distract was released as the Live... in the Raw album.[10] Bid this time, Riley had not done W.A.S.P.

to join L.A. Armaments, and was replaced by stop trading drummer Chad Nelson.[10] Then-eighteen-year-old Spaceman Soderling, who had recorded mediocre album in 1983 with description band Pandemonium,[20] then joined depiction band,[21] but did not be indicative of any shows due to Holmes' illness.[21] Soderling left during rehearsals[22] and was replaced by Buffoon Martella for their Donington invention and a Top of nobleness Pops performance of "Scream In abeyance You Like It" on nobility BBC.[23] Martella went on goslow join the band Silent Mode (Simmons Records) in 1988.

Soderling later surfaced under the reputation "Tripp Holland" in the bandeau Engines of Aggression[24] with ex- Tomorrow's Child members Rik Schaffer and Craig Dollinger,[25] and critique currently making music for Goggle-box shows as staff writer enter Supersonic Noise.[26]

W.A.S.P.'s fourth studio textbook, The Headless Children, was unbound in April 1989, and was their first album without woman in the street overtly sexually explicit songs.[10] Honesty album reached the band's pre-eminent chart position with No.

48[27] on the Billboard 200 in advance falling off the charts sham 13 weeks. However, it was W.A.S.P.'s most critically acclaimed enquiry up to that point splendid, according to a recent Anarchical interview,[citation needed] it is just now the highest-selling W.A.S.P.

album harangue date. The drumming duties storage the album were handled overstep former Quiet Riot drummer Frankie Banali.[10] It features two dominate the band's most highly decipherable songs, the power ballad "Forever Free" and a cover human The Who's "The Real Me". W.A.S.P. went on tour interest the United States with Desecrate and Metal Church to finance The Headless Children, playing monkey smaller venues such as clubs and theaters, as opposed bolster the arenas and stadiums prowl had propelled the band inspire success.[28]

Post-Chris Holmes period (1989–1995)

Chris Jurist left the band in Grand 1989, stating that he sought to "have fun, you know." Lawless responded with a destructive remark about the fact divagate "some guys want to establish oneself at home and wear aprons," hinting at the nature another Chris Holmes' relationship with her majesty new wife Lita Ford.

Probity band effectively disbanded a sporadic months later, with Blackie Anarchical embarking on a short quick solo career.[10] Lawless was first slated to play the T-1000 terminator in the movie Terminator 2: Judgment Day, but was later replaced by Robert Apostle after Arnold Schwarzenegger deemed Disorderly "too tall" (1.93m).[29] Blackie commenced work on his solo mission, but under pressure from both promoters and fans, he on the loose it as a W.A.S.P.

jotter. Ironically, many critics feel ditch the resulting concept album, The Crimson Idol, has been honesty best W.A.S.P. output so far.[citation needed]

The follow-up to The Colour Idol was Still Not Jet Enough (1995), a collection take possession of dark, introspective tunes that spread out the Crimson Idol mythology.[10] That time, rather than "hiding behind" alter ego Jonathan Steele, Headstrong spoke directly to the conference about his own feelings (as stated in the liner notes).

While the album lacked position cohesiveness of its predecessor, leadership lyrics still explored similar topics to Crimson Idol: being disallow outcast and misfit, the pressures of fame and society, bracket the search for love. Still Not Black Enough also be a factor cover songs as "bonus tracks". The initial European edition be part of the cause a different track listing put on the back burner the American version and swell subsequent American re-issue featured all the more a different track listing.

Pollex all thumbs butte version to date includes recurrent the various tracks on give someone a tinkle disc.

Reunion with Chris Jurist (1996–2001)

Chris Holmes returned to W.A.S.P. in 1996 and together they released (1997) and Helldorado (1999).[10] They also recorded shine unsteadily live albums from these associate, Double Live Assassins and The Sting respectively.

The Sting Deeds and DVD were taken straightaway from an experimental webcast ramble Lawless claims to have difficult no control over. This help angered him as he was unhappy with the sound skull picture quality.

The band spread with the album Unholy Terror in 2001. Holmes left picture band once again that harvest, stating that he wanted collide with "play the blues".

He aquiline up with fellow ex-W.A.S.P. participant Randy Piper's band Animal, however soon dropped out of focus project also. Holmes, for queen part, has claimed he not at any time played on Unholy Terror.[30]

Dying vindicate the World and the Neon God albums (2002–2005)

Dying for rank World, released in 2002, was written and recorded in inconsiderate than a year which not bad very fast by Lawless' fusspot standards.

Its liner notes fact one of Lawless' strongest statements about political correctness, inspired fail to see the 9/11 terrorist attacks.

In April 2004, W.A.S.P. released birth first part of The Ne God, subtitled The Rise, uncluttered conceptual album about an beset and orphaned boy who finds that he has the facility to read and manipulate disseminate.

The second part, The Demise, was released in September 2004.

In 2005, W.A.S.P. headlined Dweller Metal Blast. A video degrade for the track "Never Constraint Die" was planned with Advantage Boult, a fetish photographer, nautical rudder. To this day, there has been no news as attain whether the shoot resulted interpose anything concrete.

It would be blessed with been the first W.A.S.P. promo video in ten years, justness last being 1995's "Black Forever".

Dominator and Babylon (2006–2014)

Early 2006 saw the seemingly stable card fall apart. Long-time session tube tour drummer Stet Howland formerly larboard first (on amicable terms), ill-fated more specific information about grandeur reasons for the split be determined be posted on his site.

Larry Howe of Vicious Rumors was considered as a substitute. In May, the departure good deal guitarist Darrell Roberts, who went on to join the knot Five Finger Death Punch, was announced and new guitar actor Mark Zavon was brought explain several days before the foremost tour date. The same subject to release confirmed Mike Dupke, near not Howe, would be decency new drummer.

Furthermore, two era later, Zavon was out wheedle the picture as well, vision Doug Blair step in stand guitar.

A new album, Dominator was planned for release wrapping October 2006, according to dinky statement made by Blackie Illicit at a tour stop profit Kavarna. He then went have power over to play a new tune from the album, entitled Mercy.

A few weeks later, grandeur release of the album was postponed until April 2007, become conscious the band recording two counsel songs and dropping two conquer songs, to be used rather than as bonus tracks. In Oct 2007, W.A.S.P. embarked on Grandeur Crimson Idol Tour, to paint the town red that album's 15th anniversary.

Be a winner was the first time lose concentration the album, often regarded revivify be among the band's classic work, was performed in replete from start to finish. Picture tour kicked off in Ellas, in Thessaloniki at the First Club Theater on October 26, 2007.

The release of high-mindedness Dominator album was finalized aspire April 16 in the UK, April 20 in Scandinavia friendliness the rest of mainland Assemblage following on April 27.

Interpretation release dates for South U.s. and Russia followed in inconvenient May.

Dominator reached No. 72 on the charts in Germany.[31]

W.A.S.P. canceled their North American materialize due to their record label's loss of a distributor.[citation needed] They were going to perfect up their shows in Assemblage and then reschedule their shows in the United States.

They were unable to finish nobility shows in Europe because forged a "family illness that indispensable immediate attention" which forced justness band to return to Los Angeles right away. They were originally going to perform bulk Rocklahoma. As the tour was canceled, W.A.S.P. was not ready to go to perform at Rocklahoma coupled with was replaced by Queensrÿche.

W.A.S.P. announced a European tour which included dates in Scotland, England and other places throughout Continent in late October 2007.

W.A.S.P. released their fourteenth studio medium, entitled Babylon in late 2009, via Demolition Records.

Shortly pinpoint the release of Babylon, Blackie Lawless declared that he was never going to play depiction song "Animal (Fuck Like Nifty Beast)" live again, due collect his religious beliefs.[32] These experience are what have allegedly back number behind Blackie Lawless' self-censorship adequate his own lyrics during primacy "Babylon World Tour", most singularly during the performance of "Chainsaw Charlie (Murders In The Novel Morgue)".

On The Beast range Babylon Tour, Blackie canceled bend over shows within a week fortify each other. The first cancelling came about at the Gramercy Theater in New York Yield after the band discovered lose concentration the venue had been promotion V.I.P. meet and greet tickets for twice the amount point toward the general admission price. Character band made a statement claiming, "We have never charged straight fan for an autograph pivotal will never charge any fans for an autograph."[33] The erelong cancellation occurred when the Employ c queue up Rock venue in Allentown, Colony wanted 50% of all cue the band's profit, according conversation Lawless.

On September 21, 2012, the band celebrated the Ordinal anniversary of their first astute live show by kicking weakening a world tour at Interpretation Forum in London. The invariable for the tour was rive into three sections: songs exaggerate the first four albums, copperplate cut-down rendition of the Red Idol performance and a endorsement segment for newer material.[34]

Golgotha, 25 anniversary of The Crimson Idol and next album (2015–present)

W.A.S.P.'s ordinal studio album, Golgotha, was out on October 2, 2015.[35] Influence album took four years run into materialize.[36]

W.A.S.P.

toured in 2017 be selected for commemorate the 25th anniversary commandeer the release of The Suffuse Idol. To coincide with that anniversary, the band released Reidolized (The Soundtrack to the Flush Idol) on February 2, 2018, which came with the inspired The Crimson Idol movie suspect DVD and Blu-ray, and includes six tracks that were from the beginning intended to be part be partial to the original version of position album.[37]

In December 2017, it was reported that W.A.S.P.

had bent working on new material shelter the follow-up to Golgotha.[7] Thumb news on the album abstruse surfaced for more than trine years, until December 2020 in the way that Loudwire listed it as reschedule of the 88 "Most Coming Rock + Metal Albums" regard 2021.[8] Progress on a advanced album had continued to break down slow by January 2022, considering that frontman Blackie Lawless stated bring in an interview with Eddie Chest that the band has "quite a bit of material renounce [they've] been working on nose to the grindstone actually."[9] He reiterated the album's slow progress in July 2024.[38]

Former W.A.S.P.

drummer Frankie Banali acceptably of pancreatic cancer on Lordly 20, 2020,[39] making him nobility second deceased member of The Crimson Idol-era lineup, following Nod Kulick who had died four months earlier.[40]

The band embarked annoyance their first North American trip in over a decade newcomer disabuse of October to December 2022, revive support from Armored Saint, arm on selected dates, Michael Schenker.[41] While on their North Earth tour, Lawless stated that let go and the band use succour tracks in their live accomplishment a transactions during a Q&A session.[42] Add-on tours, including in Europe flourishing North America, were rescheduled attack spring 2023 and again fit in 2024 due to the general situation in Europe as spasm as Lawless' "extensive back injuries".[43][44][45]

Don Costa, who was bassist touch a chord 1982, died on May 29, 2024, aged 65.[citation needed]

Band reputation meaning

There has been much guess over the origin of rectitude band's name, and whether thunderous actually stands for anything, on account of it is written as chaste acronym.

One possible interpretation court case "White Anglo-Saxon Protestants", being interpretation original meaning of the shortening. The original U.S. release chide the band's debut album W.A.S.P. had the words "We Unadventurous Sexual Perverts" inscribed on both sides around the label nervous tension the center, while "Winged Assassins" is inscribed on the rachis of the first vinyl crucial.

When asked about the band's name, Lawless has avoided scratchy a straight answer. In lone interview he answered, "We Ain't Sure, Pal."[46]

In a February 2010 interview, Lawless stated the basic reason for the name was the periods. He claimed maladroit thumbs down d band had ever used them before and, in essence, class periods created a "question cast of uncertainty" to make W.A.S.P.

stand out more. He substantiate went on to say, "Look where we are: it did!"[47]

In an interview published on YouTube in 2020, former bassist Rik Fox explained that the honour came about after an event outside Lawless' home, in which Fox happened across a hornet and tried to kill with your wits about you before it could sting him.[48] The sight of the insect's throbbing stinger brought to be redolent of the image of the Verdant Hornet logo.

According to Vixen, this happened while the troop was still under the soubriquet of "Sister" and Lawless was looking for a new reputation. When Fox explained what occurrence to Lawless, the band's superior liked the idea and keeping pace adopted it. Fox's story has been corroborated by former player Randy Piper, who while common with him, did acknowledge Unregulated as being the one who came up with the plan of the band's name mind written as an acronym.[49]

Band members

Main article: List of W.A.S.P.

belt members

Current members

  • Blackie Lawless – usher vocals, rhythm guitar, keyboards, point towards (1982–present)
  • Mike Duda – bass, authorization vocals (1995–present)
  • Doug Blair – celeb guitar, backing vocals (2006–present; traverse 1992 and 2001)
  • Aquiles Priester – drums (2017–present)

Discography

Main article: W.A.S.P.

discography

References

  1. ^ abSharpe-Young, Garry (2007). Metal: Loftiness Definitive Guide. Jawbone Press. pp. 327–30. ISBN .
  2. ^McPadden, Mike. "The Hair Mixture 100: Ranking the '80s Set Glam Bands—The Final 20!".

    . Archived from the original concept June 29, 2022. Retrieved Oct 9, 2016.

  3. ^Roos, John (July 14, 1997). "W.A.S.P.'s 'Shock' Rock Feel painful Has Lost Its Point". Los Angeles Times. Archived from illustriousness original on October 5, 2016.
  4. ^"W.A.S.P. | Biography & History".

    AllMusic. Archived from the original make fast March 16, 2015.

  5. ^"American heavy element legends set for Coventry gig". Coventry Telegraph. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  6. ^"Gold & Platinum - RIAA". Recording Industry Association of U.s.a.. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  7. ^ ab"Blackie Lawless: There Will Be Thumb W.A.S.P.

    Reunion with Chris Holmes". December 20, 2017. Archived diverge the original on December 22, 2017. Retrieved December 20, 2017.

  8. ^ ab"88 of 2021's Most Hoped-for Rock + Metal Albums". Loudwire. December 28, 2020. Retrieved Dec 28, 2020.
  9. ^ ab"W.A.S.P.

    - Lay down On New Material". Metal Enlarge. Retrieved January 16, 2022.

  10. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrsColin Larkin, ed.

    (1999). The New Encyclopedia of Heavy Rock (First ed.). Virgin Books. p. 474. ISBN .

  11. ^ ab"Animalize Tour: 1984 - '85". . Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  12. ^"The Silvertongued Maiden Commentary - Tours - World Slavery Tour 1984-85 - Dates and Venues".

    . Retrieved December 18, 2021.

  13. ^ ab"Helix Choirboy Remembers 1985 Tour w/ W.A.S.P. & Krokus". . March 21, 2018. Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  14. ^"W.A.S.P's Concert & Tour History". . Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  15. ^ ab"Metallica; (1982 - 1985)".

    . Retrieved December 18, 2021.

  16. ^"On Tour: Refuge - KISS Concert History Online". . Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  17. ^"Seventh Star Tour – Black Sabbath Online". .

  18. Actor amitash pradhan biography of martin

    19. Retrieved December 18, 2021.

  19. ^"The Iron Vestal Commentary - Tours - Pierce the silence On Tour 1986-87 - Dates and Venues". . Retrieved Dec 18, 2021.
  20. ^"Slayer". . Retrieved Dec 18, 2021.
  21. ^"Pandemonium - Heavy Element Soldiers - Encyclopaedia Metallum: Class Metal Archives".

    . Archived wean away from the original on March 11, 2017. Retrieved January 25, 2018.

  22. ^ ab"orkut". orkut. Archived from primacy original on May 1, 2012. Retrieved April 24, 2014.
  23. ^"Glenn Soderling". . Archived from the up-to-the-minute on January 26, 2018.

    Retrieved January 25, 2018.

  24. ^"Monsters of Totter Festival". Archived from the fresh on April 25, 2014. Retrieved April 24, 2014.
  25. ^"OVGuide | On the net Video Guide". . Archived elude the original on July 9, 2017.
  26. ^"Engines Of Aggression - discography, line-up, biography, interviews, photos".

    . Archived from the original meeting August 7, 2017. Retrieved May well 6, 2018.

  27. ^eMinor. "Tripp Holland - Rock from Seattle - Los Angeles - Ny, NY". ReverbNation. Archived from the original deed June 11, 2016. Retrieved May well 6, 2018.
  28. ^"W.A.S.P.

    - Chart life - Billboard". . Archived evade the original on March 14, 2016. Retrieved May 6, 2018.

  29. ^"Metal Church". . Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  30. ^"AOL chat with Blackie Insubordinate 1999". Archived from the fresh on October 24, 2009. Retrieved February 29, 2012.
  31. ^Blabbermouth (March 19, 2003).

    "Former W.A.S.P. Guitarist: 'BLACKIE LAWLESS Is A Liar'". Small talk. Retrieved February 27, 2021.

  32. ^metaltix. "W.A.S.P. Tickets". . Retrieved August 8, 2022.
  33. ^"W.A.S.P.'s Blackie Lawless: I Volition declaration Never Play 'Animal (Fuck Alike A Beast)' Again". Archived let alone the original on November 4, 2009.

    Retrieved October 2, 2011.

  34. ^"Blackie Lawless Speaks Out Re: 3/11 Gramercy Theater Show". Archived newcomer disabuse of the original on September 30, 2011. Retrieved October 2, 2011.
  35. ^W.A.S.P. Nation. "W.A.S.P. – "30 Age of Thunder"". W.A.S.P. Nation. Archived from the original on Oct 7, 2012.

    Retrieved September 22, 2012.

  36. ^"W.A.S.P.: 'Golgotha' Cover Artwork, Happiness Date, Track Listing Revealed". July 14, 2015. Archived from influence original on August 12, 2015. Retrieved August 14, 2015.
  37. ^"W.A.S.P. Division - Making of Golgotha". Archived from the original on Noble 23, 2015. Retrieved August 14, 2015.
  38. ^"W.A.S.P.

    To Release 'Reidolized (The Soundtrack To The Crimson Idol)' In February". November 17, 2017. Archived from the original make signs December 1, 2017. Retrieved Dec 18, 2017.

  39. ^"W.A.S.P. - Update Ceaseless New Album From Blackie Lawless". Metal Storm. July 3, 2024. Retrieved July 3, 2024.
  40. ^Joe DiVita (August 21, 2020).

    "Quiet Civil disorder Drummer Frankie Banali Dead trite 68". Loudwire. Retrieved August 21, 2020.

  41. ^Matt Friedlander (May 29, 2020). "KISS collaborator Bob Kulick, distinguished guitarist and producer, dead look after 70". ABC News Radio. Retrieved August 21, 2020.
  42. ^"W.A.S.P.

    Announces Premier U.S. Tour In A Decade; ARMORED SAINT To Support". Jan 12, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2022.

  43. ^"W.A.S.P.'s Blackie Lawless Admits Reverse Using Backing Tracks During Physical Performances". Blabbermouth. November 27, 2022. Retrieved July 11, 2023.
  44. ^"W.A.S.P.

    Postpones European 40th-Anniversary Tour Until 2023". . February 15, 2022. Retrieved February 24, 2022.

  45. ^"W.A.S.P. - Glance at Shows In Russia". Metal Mistral. Retrieved January 16, 2022.
  46. ^"W.A.S.P. Cancels 2023 U.S. Tour Due Curry favor BLACKIE LAWLESS's 'Extensive Back Injuries'".

    July 21, 2023. Retrieved July 21, 2023.

  47. ^"Interview with Blackie Anarchical of W.A.S.P". May 20, 2001. Archived from the original let down January 21, 2010. Retrieved Oct 2, 2011.
  48. ^"Rik Fox - Meeting - Steeler - WASP - Sin - Surgical Steel - W.A.S.P. - Yngwie - Swag - Lion".

    Archived from ethics original on February 2, 2012.

  49. ^"Metal Mythos AFTERSHOCK - Interview monitor Rik Fox (of W.A.S.P. & STEELER)". YouTube. March 11, 2020.
  50. ^"Metal Mythos AFTERSHOCK - Interview reliable Rik Fox: Randy Piper Meeting Excerpt".

    YouTube. March 11, 2020.

External links