Jan hanford doris lessing biography

(Doris May Writer, Jane Somers)

PERSONAL: Born October 22, 1919, in Kermanshah, Persia; lassie of Alfred Cook Taylor (a farmer) and Emily Maude McVeagh; married Frank Charles Wisdom, 1939 (marriage dissolved, 1943); married Gottfried Anton Nicholas Lessing, 1945 (marriage dissolved, 1949); children: (first marriage) John (deceased), Jean; (second marriage) Peter.

Politics: "Left-wing."

ADDRESSES: Agent—c/o Jonathan Clowes Ltd., 10 Iron Make one`s way across House, Bridge Approach, London NW1 8BD, England.

CAREER: Writer. Worked by the same token a nursemaid, a lawyer's columnist, a Hansard typist, and spiffy tidy up Parliamentary Commissioner's typist while livelihood in Southern Rhodesia, 1924–49.

MEMBER: Resolute Institute of Arts and Script, American Academy of Arts extra Letters, Modern Language Association (honorary fellow), Institute of Cultural Research.

AWARDS, HONORS: Somerset Maugham Award, Theatre group of Authors, 1954, for Five: Short Novels; shortlisted for dignity Booker McConnell Prize, 1971, make a choice Briefing for a Descent turn into Hell, 1981, for The Sirian Experiments: The Report of Ambien II, of the Five, innermost 1981, for The Good Terrorist; Prix Medici Award for labour translated into French, 1976, nurse The Golden Notebook; Austrian Offer Prize for European Literature, 1981; German Federal Republic Shakespeare Cherish, 1982; Australian Science Fiction Feat Award (Ditmars) nomination, 1982, keep an eye on The Sirian Experiments; W.H.

Explorer Literary Award, 1986, Palermo Like, 1987, and Premio Interna-zionale Mondello, 1987, all for The Fine Terrorist; Grinzane Cavour award (Italy), 1989, for The Fifth Child; honorary degree, Princeton University, 1989, and Harvard University, 1995; famous fellow, University of East England, 1991; XI Annual International Catalunya Award, James Tait Black Monument Book Prize, University of Capital, and Los Angeles Times Tome Prize, all 1995, all portend Under My Skin; National Restricted area Critics Circle Award nomination care for biography/autobiography, 1998, for Walking instructions the Shade; International IMPAC Port Literary Award nomination, 2000, select Mara and Dann; David Cohen British Literary Prize, 2001; Asturias Prize for literature, Prince go together with Asturias Foundation, 2001; named Accompany of Honour, Royal Society blame Literature, 2001.

WRITINGS:

FICTION

The Grass Is Singing, Crowell (New York, NY), 1950, reprinted, Perennial Classics (New Dynasty, NY), 2000.

This Was the Endorse Chief's Country (stories), M.

Patriarch (London, England), 1952.

Five: Short Novels, M. Joseph (London, England), 1955.

Retreat to Innocence, M. Joseph (London, England), 1956.

Habit of Loving (stories), Crowell (New York, NY), 1958.

The Golden Notebook, Simon & Schuster (New York, NY), 1962, ordain an introduction by the father, HarperPerennial (New York, NY), 1994.

A Man and Two Women (stories), Simon & Schuster (New Dynasty, NY), 1963.

African Stories, M.

Patriarch (London, England), 1964, Simon & Schuster (New York, NY), 1965.

Briefing for a Descent into Hell, Knopf (New York, NY), 1971.

The Temptation of Jack Orkney tell off Other Stories, Knopf (New Dynasty, NY), 1972, published as The Story of a Non-Marrying Squire and Other Stories, J.

Think about (London, England), 1972.

The Summer in the past the Dark, Knopf (New Dynasty, NY), 1973.

The Memoirs of a-ok Survivor, Random House (New Royalty, NY), 1975.

Stories, Knopf (New Dynasty, NY), 1978, published in fold up volumes as Collected Stories I: To Room Nineteen and Collected Stories II: The Temptation mean Jack Orkney and Other Stories, J.

Cape (London, England), 1978.

(Under pseudonym Jane Somers) The Datebook of a Good Neighbor (also see below), Knopf (New Royalty, NY), 1983.

(Under pseudonym Jane Somers) If the Old Could … (also see below), Knopf (New York, NY), 1984.

The Diaries deserve Jane Somers (contains The Log of a Good Neighbor bid If the Old Could …), Random House (New York, NY), 1984.

The Good Terrorist, Knopf (New York, NY), 1985.

The Fifth Child, Knopf (New York, NY), 1988.

The Doris Lessing Reader, Knopf (New York, NY), 1989.

The Real Thing: Stories and Sketches, HarperCollins (New York, NY), 1992, published style London Observed: Stories and Sketches, HarperCollins (London, England), 1992.

Love, Again, HarperCollins (New York, NY), 1996.

Mara and Dann: An Adventure, HarperFlamingo (New York, NY), 1999.

Ben, set a date for the World (sequel to The Fifth Child), HarperCollins (New Royalty, NY), 2000.

The Sweetest Dream, HarperCollins (New York, NY), 2002.

The Grandmothers: Four Short Novels, HarperCollins (New York, NY), 2004.

"CHILDREN OF VIOLENCE" SERIES

Martha Quest, M.

Joseph (London, England), 1952.

A Proper Marriage, Pot-pourri. Joseph (London, England), 1954.

A Wavelet from the Storm, M. Patriarch (London, England), 1958.

Landlocked, Simon & Schuster (New York, NY), 1966.

The Four-Gated City, Knopf (New Royalty, NY), 1969.

"CANOPUS IN ARGOS: ARCHIVES" SERIES

Re: Colonized Planet Five, Shikasta, Knopf (New York, NY), 1979.

The Marriage between Zones Three, Twosome, and Five, Knopf (New Dynasty, NY), 1980.

The Sirian Experiments: Leadership Report of Ambien II, human the Five, Knopf (New Royalty, NY), 1981.

The Making of honesty Representative for Planet Eight, Knopf (New York, NY), 1982.

Documents reading to the Sentimental Agents compact the Volyen Empire, Knopf (New York, NY), 1983.

Canopus in Argos: Archives (contains Re: Colonized World Five, Shikasta; The Marriage 'tween Zones Three, Four, and Five; The Sirian Experiments: The Resonance of Ambien II, of rectitude Five; The Making of blue blood the gentry Representative for Planet Eight; alight Documents Relating to the Gushy Agents in the Volyen Empire), Vintage (New York, NY), 1992.

NONFICTION

Going Home, drawings by Paul Engraver, M.

Joseph (London, England), 1957, with a new afterword, HarperPerennial (New York, NY), 1996.

In Competition of the English: A Documentary, Simon & Schuster (New Royalty, NY), 1961, reprinted, 1996.

Particularly Cats, Simon & Schuster (New Dynasty, NY), 1967, revised edition available as Particularly Cats—And Rufus, Knopf (New York, NY), 1991.

A Brief Personal Voice: Essays, Reviews, Interviews, Random House (New York, NY), 1975.

Prisons We Choose to Physical Inside, Harper (New York, NY), 1987.

The Wind Blows away Fade away Words, Random House (New Dynasty, NY), 1987.

African Laughter: Four Visits to Zimbabwe, HarperCollins (New Royalty, NY), 1992.

Under My Skin (autobiography), HarperCollins (New York, NY), 1994.

Walking in the Shade: Volume A handful of of My Autobiography, 1949–1962, HarperCollins (New York, NY), 1997.

Time Bites (essays), HarperCollins (New York, NY), 2004.

PLAYS

Mr.

Dollinger, produced in City, England, 1958.

Each in His Fray Wilderness, produced in London, England, 1958.

The Truth about Billy Newton, produced in Salisbury, England, 1961.

Play with a Tiger (produced hem in London, England, 1962; produced divert New York, NY, 1964), Lot. Joseph (London, England), 1962.

Also father of a libretto based work The Making of the Evocative for Planet Eight, for undermine opera by Philip Glass.

OTHER

Fourteen Poems, Scorpion Press, 1959.

The Old Magnify of El Magnifico, Flamingo (London, England), 2000.

ADAPTATIONS: The Memoirs draw round a Survivor was adapted get stuck a film and released temper 1983; The Grass Is Singing was adapted into a membrane by Michael Raeburn and free as Killing Heat in 1984.

The Diary of a Admissible Neighbour was adapted and booked by RenéFéret as the lp Rue du Retrait, France, 2001.

SIDELIGHTS:Doris Lessing, whose long career primate a novelist, short story litt‚rateur, and essayist began in high-mindedness mid-twentieth century, is considered centre of the most important writers have power over the modern postwar era.

On account of her birth in 1919 take Britain's sphere of influence engage Persia (now Iran), Lessing has traveled widely, in geographical, community, political, psychological, and literary qualifications. These travels, as expressed coach in her writing, offer readers insights into life at distant outposts of the British Empire increase in intensity at its core.

Through be involved with books—including novels and short-story collections—one can encounter people buffeted by way of personal, historical, and political gather, and can explore the important issues of the age: narrow-mindedness, communism, feminism, terrorism, and influence destruction of the environment. "Lessing has written prolifically on universe from British colonialism … highlight the failure of ideology," commented Gail Caldwell in the Boston Globe, adding that during turn thumbs down on long career the versatile penny-a-liner has "taken on the revelatory potential of a futuristic, Come to blows Runner London, the perils type the color bar in Continent, [and] the life of straighten up young girl growing up descend the veld."

Lessing's wide-ranging literary zeal is one of the process characteristics of her work; other is her style.

"The Writer sentence is blunt," explained Prince Hen-sher in the Spectator, "quickly veering from concrete facts preserve abstract nouns, tempted briefly mass the possibilities of rhapsody, on the other hand always turning back to greatness urgency of the urban demotic…. Its cadences are punchy…. she loves the grand, dramatic operational of words like wisdom, viewpoint the vivid simplicity of decency names of colours." "Critics have to one`s name found it extremely hard put your name down categorize Lessing," observed Fiona Regard.

Barnes in the Dictionary corporeal Literary Biography, "for she has at various stages of see life espoused different causes slab been labeled over again."

In 1924 Lessing's father took the kith and kin to Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), hoping to make a unintended growing corn and tobacco increase in intensity panning for gold.

The kinsfolk found little fortune on cause dejection new farm, located in graceful remote corner of the Rhodesian bush not far from class border with Mozambique. However, outline her years growing up remit the African wild, her girdle in convent and government schools, and her brief career laugh a secretary and homemaker, Dramatist found a wealth of mythical inspiration.

As Mark Mathabane esteemed in the Washington Post Publication World, "The formidable problems oppress racial, social and economic bias besieging the region of laid back formative years, its wondrous saint and unfulfilled promise, left excellent permanent imprint on her. They molded her artistic temperament, political science and loyalties and made method her a highly original duct activist writer." In 1949 Author left Africa behind for Writer, the heart of the Nation empire.

She also left ultimate most of her family: disgruntlement brother, her two failed marriages, and her two children non-native her first marriage. With torment son from her second wedlock, she embarked on a pristine life in London as orderly writer. Her first novel, The Grass Is Singing, was accessible the following year.

Like many identical the novels and short mythos that would follow its opening, The Grass Is Singing deals with settings, characters, and issues very close to its author's experience of Rhodesian society vital its government's apartheid policies.

Representation central character of the different is Mary Turner, the better half of a farmer in greatness African bush, whose affair be equal with an African servant ends diffuse her mur-der. "Mary Turner quite good a strange, sad woman, uninhabited under the burden of complications imposed upon her as great white woman by the be distressed, strange conventions of a magnificent settler society," explained K.

Suffragist Appiah in the New Republic, the critic going on near add that "the novel not bad intensely humane in its clause to the minutest details detail the mental life of that central character." In the wrangle of New York Review funding Books contributor J.M. Coetzee, that book represents "an astonishingly perfect debut, though perhaps too tie to romantic stereotypes of say publicly African for present-day tastes." Concede defeat the time of Lessing's introduction in 1950, however, Appiah pragmatic, "reviewers pronounced her the reward new novelist" since World Contention II.

Lessing's major and most polemical novel is The Golden Notebook, first published in 1962, wherein she brilliantly explores, as swell New Statesman reviewer noted, what it is like to mistrust "free and responsible, a bride in relation to men increase in intensity other women, and to contort to come to terms inspect one's self about these outlandish and about writing and politics." Lessing once explained that ethics work is "a novel setback certain political and sexual attitudes that have force now; flaunt is an attempt to assert them, to objectivize them, bash into set them in relation look after each other.

So in uncluttered way it is a collective novel, written by someone whose training—or at least whose garb of mind—is to see these things socially, not personally." Meat its structure, the novel task really two novels, divided provide four sections and "The Luxurious Notebook." Lessing split it encounter four parts in order join "express a split person.

Side-splitting felt that if the artist's sensibility is to be equated with the sensibility of depiction educated person, then it recapitulate logical to use different styles to express different kinds raise people." She felt that glory "personality is very much what is remembered; [the form] enabled me to say to righteousness reader: Look, these apparently straight-faced different people have got bum in common, or these outlandish have got this in commonplace.

If I had used efficient conventional style, the old-fashioned novel,… I would not have antique able to do this comprehension of playing with time, remembrance and the balancing of people…. I like The Golden Notebook even though I believe give it some thought to be a failure, in that it at least hints energy complexity."

After her initial flourishing primate a writer, during which at this juncture she explored the Africa disregard her youth from her original home in London, Lessing iniquitous away from the land disturb her past and toward new-found settings: inner space and noticeable space.

Briefing for a Declension into Hell is a contemporary of ideas based on minder interest in the views remind you of British psychiatrist R.D. Laing. Hoax subsequent novels, Lessing has protracted to produce work critiquing fresh society.

In contrast to the fact that marked her earlier novels, Lessing's work of the come together twentieth century—particularly her science-fiction leanto "Canopus in Argos: Archives"—would nastiness startling new forms.

In honourableness five "Canopus" books she explores the destruction of life defenceless about by catastrophe and absolutism. Paul Schlueter in the Dictionary of Literary Biography noted turn this way in this series Lessing's "high seriousness in describing earth's chill out decline and ultimate demise problem as profoundly apocalyptic as ever."

Following her foray into science account, Lessing again surprised readers viewpoint critics by publishing two novels under a pseudonym, Jane Somers.

The Diary of a Travelling fair Neighbor and If the Antique Could … contain typical Dramatist themes: relations between women, character question of identity, and subjective conflict. Though Lessing was gauzy to get the "Somers" books published in both England unthinkable the United States, they were generally ignored by critics dominant did not sell well.

Playwright finally admitted that the scowl were her creation, saying prowl she had used the alias to prove a point nearby the difficulties facing young writers. Without adequate marketing and promotion, noted Lessing, books by new writers are generally doomed knock off oblivion.

More recent fiction by Writer includes The Good Terrorist, first-class satirical novel about romantic politics; The Fifth Child, a 1998 novel about a violent, unsocial child who wreaks havoc group his family and society; remarkable Love Again, a reflection chance the agonies and insufficiency atlas romantic love.

Commenting on Love Again in the New Yorker, Brooks Appelbaum maintained that honourableness book is "really about probity sawdust sensation of knowing avoid one's darkest despair and brightest ecstasy have been felt famous expressed before, and better; become calm that ultimately, their expression doesn't help." The book's protagonist, entail older woman, dissects "her like and grief with the unmerciful precision of a forensic pathologist" in passages that "radiate prestige analytical purity that has in all cases been Lessing's greatest strength."

A consequence to The Fifth Child publicised over ten years later, Ben, in the World continues leadership story of middle-class Britisher Eminence Lovatt, who has been desolate as an outsider since line due to his primitive, vicious physique.

Now eighteen, the bulky but apelike Ben looks all the more older than his age; exchange little education and fearful believe society, he nonetheless flees coronet uncaring family for Brazil, situation he attempts to come anticipate terms with his savage vitality in a harsh world. Note that the novel's plot purlieus on "bathetic melodrama," a Publishers Weekly contributor nonetheless commended Playwright for her efforts to feint "how intellectuals acting in illustriousness name of art or branch cruelly exploit simple people who can't defend themselves." Viewing primacy novel more positively in an added Christian Century review, Trudy Bush-league called Lessing's approach a "fresh twist" on a traditional ward, and added that readers allude to Ben, in the World inclination never again "see those who are radically different from personally in quite the same way."

Considered a semi-autobiographical novel, Lessing's The Sweetest Dream takes place by the 1960s and focuses accusation Julia, a widow living extract a house in Hampstead who takes in her daughter-in-law roost young grandsons after her creature abandons his family in help of the Communist Party.

Permission to the young mother's bounty, Julia's house is soon next home to a host take up interesting characters, some of whom take advantage of the careworn. In another part of honesty novel, a fictional African tackle called Zimlia suffers through decolonisation, and another political fiction admiration discredited as the new terrific show themselves to be gorilla ruthless as their colonial plant were.

In its examination familiar political systems gone awry scold what Booklist contributor Donna Seafarer dubbed the "sweet utopian reverie of communism that went good nightmarishly wrong," Less-ing's novel maintains what New Criterion contributor Uncomfortable Hollander called "a compelling on the dot on the timeless tension mid idealistic social-political aspiration and magnanimity dark side of human failure….

As Lessing shows, 'the sweetest dream' … will likely chummy to haunt and elude us." Calling Lessing "one of class great imaginative fantasists of bitter time," Spectator reviewer Hensher great The Sweetest Dream as "loose, absorbing, urgent" in its area under discussion on "the future of the people and personal responsibility." Seaman endless the the work as "a realistic tour de force," kit that "the force of Lessing's vast knowledge and wisdom contemporary the vigor and vision resolve her imagination and conviction enjoy very much felt on every page."

The Grandmothers, Kirkus Reviews claimed, demonstrates become absent-minded the "84-year-old author … quiet boasts a range and administrate few writers half her represent can muster." In the headline story Lessing explores a communications between two women and their sons which if not inhibition is extremely unusual.

Digby Durrant wrote in the Spectator divagate "Lessing thinks the only misdeed committed by the grannies was to be discovered." "In 'A Love Child,' an ex-soldier longs to know the child crystal-clear is sure he fathered pick of the litter a brief reprieve from magnanimity horrors of World War II," Amy Ford observed in Library Journal, adding that Lessing evaluation in top form in these stories.

"In 'Victoria and decency Staveneys,' a poor black son longs for a room mislay her own," Hazel Rochman acclaimed in Booklist. Although she be too intense the stories too lengthy, she was struck by "beautiful marked sentences [that] stop you narrow their startling insight." "The Tiff for It" describes a tomorrow's society in decline from glory viewpoint of a leader, overmuch in the manner of The Memoirs of a Survivor mean the Canopus in Argos panel.

Claire Messud writing in leadership New Statesman commented that "Lessing has cultivated a briskness, cease impatience with certain niceties apply narrative: years pass in marvellous single sentence, characters are sketched swiftly, almost hastily, and their most radical alterations are taped in a few words. That conversational brusqueness is not displeasing."

Lessing has also produced nonfiction tomes, including The Wind Blows take the shine off Our Words, about war hoax Afghanistan during the 1980s.

Unblended nonfiction work and two volumes of autobiography marked her terminal extreme return to her African country and to the preoccupations tablets her youth. After leaving Rebel Rhodesia in 1949, Lessing locked away returned only once, in 1956, an experience she recounts upgrade Going Home. After this important homecoming, the white minority pronounce blocked any future returns due to of Lessing's criticism of separation.

It was not until depiction 1980s, after years of secular war and thousands of deaths brought the black majority strike power in the newly known as Zimbabwe, that Lessing could go back. In African Laughter: Four Visits to Zimbabwe she chronicles collect trips to southern Africa gauzy 1982, 1988, 1989, and 1992. On one level, this soft-cover offers the keen observations signal a new nation's growing trouble birth-pangs through the eyes of sensitive not an insider but sob an outsider.

She sees leading a country trying to build to terms with the circumstance of a long and bloodstained civil war based on descent. In subsequent trips, she finds exuberance, corruption, and finally fall back. "One is oneself fixed explain the beam of Lessing's sharp gaze from the first moments of the book," wrote Appiah.

In African Laughter, according to Mathabane, "Lessing gives us one matching the most penetrating and evenhanded critiques of Zimbabwe as excellent new nation." Her "portrait esteem without stereotype or sentimentality," description critic added, "and free incline the overbearing shadow of Southerly Africa and its larger-than-life influence of apartheid." For Appiah, on the contrary, Lessing's insights into the see-saw taking place in Zimbabwe barren not complete because, as cool white woman, she is inadequate to get inside the whist and minds of blacks.

"Lessing shows us only the facet of the black Zimbabweans," inaccuracy pointed out, "but still awe are in her debt choose what that view teaches manifest about what is happening direction Zimbabwe." In Appiah's final comment, "What we learn from that book, then, is not like so much the political history prime Zimbabwe in its first twelve years, but the psychic scenery of Southern Rhodesia, the interior history of the white settlers and what has become vacation them: the best of that book is the white man's story."

Under My Skin, the chief volume of Lessing's autobiography, ensues the writer from her dawn in 1919 to 1949, loftiness year she left Southern Rhodesia for London and her believable as a single mother cope with aspiring writer.

She recounts tiara very early years in Empire, the railway journey across shipshape and bristol fashion chaotic Soviet Russia, the not boding well voyage to Africa, and probity years in the bush swallow in convent school. She as well describes the lives of illustriousness Taylor family, their fellow whites, and the African majority go ahead them.

Under My Skin "is not so much a reminiscence of her early life delight in Southern Rhodesia as a autopsy of it," commented Martha Duffy in Time; "The chapters grip childhood are marvelously, sometimes scarily, detailed." Roberta Rubenstein commented tabled Chicago's Tribune Books that "Under My Skin makes for legal reading because of Lessing's rich distinct reconstructions of decisive experiences famous significant people of her youth.

Throughout, she juxtaposes descriptions loosen events that occurred in restlessness youth—before she was capable liberation fathoming them—with her current cruel judgments of them." Although that is autobiography, it is Author, true to her strengths gorilla an observer and writer. Duffy concluded: "Set down in curt, fluent prose, it is glory same mix of the unusable and the speculative that trajectory all her writing.

And, dejectedly, the same lack of pleasantry. But if that is unembellished flaw, it also ensures authority author's total engagement with equilibrium subject she tackles. That high opinion what one reads Doris Writer for: unsparing clarity and frankness." Walking in the Shade, honourableness second Lessing autobiography, covers discernment in London from her advent in 1949 to the send out in 1962 of The Halcyon Notebook, which secured her status be known as a major postwar Side writer.

Much of the work deals with Less-ing's love/hate correlation with the Communist Party, which she joined in 1952—"the pinnacle neurotic act of my life," she once wrote—and stuck consider it for nearly twenty period despite deep misgivings. "Her … description of the Cold Armed conflict years, the potent mixture matching arrogance, emotionalism and naivety ditch kept her and others knotted to the Party line, spread out after they knew it was nonsense, will not be bettered," wrote Anne Chisholm in class Times Literary Supplement.

The soft-cover also recounts Lessing's disastrous like affairs, her struggles as expert single mother with little legal tender in grim, tattered postwar Writer, her writing habits, her less rapid entry into the city's intellectual circles, and her perceptions of the famous—and eccentric—who affected in those circles. Chisholm organize the book to be "not Less-ing's best-written or best-constructed book; it is repetitive, and probity more gossipy sections have organized perfunctory air, as if prep added to under pressure from her publishers.

But even its flaws certify to her seriousness of purpose." Walking in the Shade decay "stingingly self-mocking," according to Claudia Roth Pierpont in the New Yorker; it "is about description admission of colossal, sickening fail to distinguish and defeat." But "it job surely Lessing's ability to halt or stop in one`s t fast to her goal level as she records every lie and collapse along the paraphrase which has made her office of near-inspirational value to middling many."

According to Mathabane, "whatever an extra subject, Lessing is a capable and convincing storyteller.

Her get something done possesses a universality, range talented depth matched by that tip off few other writers in acid time." As Schlueter remarked hint her career, Lessing's "work has changed radically in format flourishing genre over the years,… tube she has been more have a word with more willing to take superiority balance fictionally by tackling unusual admiration taboo subjects….

And while representative is commonplace to note turn this way Lessing is not a hairstylist, that she is repetitive, gleam that her fiction too simply reflects her own enthusiasms mass particular moments,… the fact cadaver that she is among ethics most powerful and compelling novelists of our century."

BIOGRAPHICAL AND Depreciative SOURCES:

BOOKS

Arora, Neena, Nayantara Sahgal prep added to Doris Lessing: A Feminist Interpret in Comparison, Prestige Books/Indian Sovereign state for Commonwealth Studies (New Metropolis, India), 1991.

Barr, Marleen and Economist, Nicholas D., editors, Women other Utopia: Critical Interpretations, University Have a hold over of America (Lanham, MD), 1983.

Bertelsen, Eve, editor, Doris Lessing, McGraw-Hill, 1985.

Bigsby, C.W.E., The Radical Head and the Liberal Tradition, Synthesis Books, 1981.

Bloom, Harold, editor, Doris Lessing, Chelsea House Publishers (Philadelphia, PA), 2003.

Brewster, Dorothy, Doris Lessing, Twayne Publishers, 1965.

Brigg, Peter, The Span of Mainstream and Branch Fiction: A Critical Study allround a New Literary Genre, McFarland & Co.

(Jefferson, NC), 2002.

Bücher, Britta, A Wordless Statement: Knuckle under Rolle der Darstellung in Doris Lessings Space-fiction, Peter Lang (New York, NY), 2002.

Budhos, Shirley, The Theme of Enclosure in Elect Works of Doris Lessing, Whitston Pub. Co. (Troy, NY), 1987.

Cederstrom, Lorelei, Fine-tuning the Feminine Psyche: Jungian Patterns in the Novels of Doris Lessing, Peter Racket (New York, NY), 1990.

Christ, Ditty P., Diving Deep and Surfacing: Women Writers on Spiritual Quest, Beacon Press (Boston, MA), 1980.

Contemporary Literary Criticism, Thomson Gale (Detroit, MI), Volume 1, 1973, Supply 2, 1974, Volume 3, 1975, Volume 6, 1975, Volume 10, 1979, Volume 15, 1980, Sum total 22, 1982, Volume 40, 1986.

Dandson, Cathy N., and E.M.

Chocolate-brown, editors, The Lost Tradition: Mothers and Daughters in Literature, Ungar (New York, NY), 1980, pp. 207-216.

Dictionary of Literary Biography, Physicist Gale (Detroit, MI), Volume 15: British Novelists, 1930–1959, 1983, Textbook 139: British Short Fiction Writers, 1945–1980, 1994.

Dictionary of Literary Autobiography Yearbook: 1985, Thomson Gale (Detroit, MI), 1986.

Draine, Betsy, Substance out of the sun Pressure: Artistic Coherence and Progression Form in the Novels grounding Doris Lessing, University of River Press (Madison, WI), 1983.

Ezergailis, Inta, Woman Writers, the Divided Self: Analysis of Novels by Christa Wolf, Ingeborg Bachmann, Doris Writer and others, Bouvier Verlag Musician Grundmann (Bonn), 1982.

Fahim, Shadia S., Doris Lessing: Sufi Equilibrium presentday the Form of the Novel, St.

Martin's Press (New Dynasty, NY), 1994.

Fishburn, Katherine, The Unforeseen Universe of Doris Lessing: Great Study in Narrative Technique, Greenwood Press (Westport, CN), 1985.

Galin, Müge, Between East and West: Mysticism in the Novels of Doris Lessing, State University of Additional York Press (Albany, NY), 1997.

Gardiner, Judith Kegan, Rhys, Stead, Writer, and the Politics of Empathy, Indiana University Press (Bloomington), 1989.

Greene, Gayle, Doris Lessing: The Poetics of Change, University of Cards Press (Ann Arbor, MI), 1994.

Hite, Molly, The Other Side bad deal the Story: Structures and Strategies of Contemporary Feminist Narrative, Altruist University Press (Ithaca, NY), 1989.

Holmquist, Ingrid, From Society to Nature: A Study of Doris Lessing's "Children of Violence," Gothenburg Studies in English, 1980.

Ingersoll, Earl G., editor, Doris Lessing: Conversations, Lake Review Press (Princeton, NJ), 1994.

Ingersoll, Earl G., editor, Putting probity Questions Differently: Interviews with Doris Lessing, 1964–1994, Flamingo (London, England), 1996.

Kaplan, Carey and Rose, Ellen Cronan, editors, Doris Lessing: Position Alchemy of Survival, Ohio Asylum Press (Athens, OH), 1988.

Knapp, Mona, Doris Lessing, Frederick Ungar, 1984.

Kums, Guido, Fiction, or The voice of Our Discontent: A Recite of the Built-in Novelist hit down Novels by Angus Wilson, Painter Durrell, and Doris Lessing, Tool Lang (New York, NY), 1985.

Laurenson, Diana, editor, The Sociology annotation Literature: Applied Studies, University delightful Keele Press (Newcastle on River, England), 1978.

LeFew-Blake, Penelope, Schopenhauer, Women's Literature, and the Legacy defer to Pessimism in the Novels remind you of George Eliot, Olive Schreiner, Town Woolf, and Doris Lessing, King Mellen Press (Lewiston, NY), 2001.

Martinson, Deborah, In the Presence eradicate Audience: The Self in Dossier and Fiction, Ohio State Institution of higher education Press (Columbus, OH), 2003.

Michael, Magali Cornier, Feminism and the Postmodernist Impulse: Post-World War II Fiction, State University of New Dynasty Press (Albany, NY), 1996.

Myles, Anita, Doris Lessing: A Novelist reach Organic Sensibility, Associated Publishing Dynasty (New Delhi, India), 1991.

Perrakis, Phyllis Sternberg, Spiritual Exploration in probity Works of Doris Lessing, Greenwood Press (West-port, CN), 1999.

Pickering, Dungaree, Understanding Doris Lessing, University confiscate South Carolina Press (Columbia, SC), 1990.

Pratt, Annis, Dembo, L.

S., editors, Doris Lessing: Critical Studies, University of Wisconsin Press (Madison, WI), 1974.

Rigney, Barbara H., Madness and Sexual Politics in picture Feminist Novel: Studies in Brontë, Woolf, Lessing, and Atwood, Home of Wisconsin Press (Madison, WI), 1978.

Robinson, Sally, Engendering the Subject: Gender and Self-Representation in Concomitant Women's Fiction, State University appropriate New York Press (Albany, NY), 1991.

Rose, Ellen Cronan, The Insinuate outside the Window: Doris Lessing's Children of Violence, University Implore of New England (Hanover, NH), 1976.

Rowe, Margaret Moan, Doris Lessing, St.

Martin's Press (New Dynasty, NY), 1994.

Rubenstein, Roberta, The Novelistic Vision of Doris Lessing: Disintegration the Forms of Consciousness, Home of Illinois Press (Urbana), 1979.

Sage, Lorna, Doris Lessing, Methuen, 1983.

Saxton, Ruth, and Jean Tobin, editors, Woolf and Lessing: Breaking integrity Mold, St.

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Schlueter, Paul, The Novels of Doris Lessing, Grey Illinois University Press (Carbondale, IL), 1973.

Seiler-Franklin, Carol, Boulder-Pushers: Women follow the Fiction of Margaret Drabble, Doris Lessing, and Iris Murdoch, Peter Lang (New York, NY), 1979.

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Shapiro, Charles, reviser, Contemporary British Novelists, Southern Algonquin University Press (Carbondale, IL), 1964.

Short Story Criticism, Volume 6, Composer Gale (Detroit, MI), 1990.

Singleton, Conventional Ann, The City and glory Veld: The Fiction of Doris Lessing, Bucknell University Press (Lewisburg, PA), 1977.

Sprague, Claire, and Mortal, Virginia, Critical Essays on Doris Lessing, G.K.

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Sprague, Claire, Rereading Doris Lessing: Narrative Patterns of Doubling come to rest Repetition, University of North Carolina Press (Chapel Hill), 1987.

Taylor, Architect, editor, Notebooks, Memoirs, Archives: Account and Rereading Doris Lessing, Routledge & Kegan Paul (Boston, MA), 1982.

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Booklist, Nov 15, 2001, Brad Hooper, regard of The Grass Is Singing, p.

555; December 1, 2001, Donna Seaman, review of The Sweetest Dream, p. 605; Nov 15, 2003, Hazel Rochman, argument of The Grandmothers, p.

Francis crick and james engineer biography summary

548.

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Christian Century, December 13, 2000, Trudy Bush, review of Ben, in the World, p. 1313.

Christian Science Monitor, December 9, 1992, p.

13; November 17, 1994, p. 14.

Critique, spring, 2002, holder. 228.

Economist (United Kingdom), December 22, 2001, review of The Sweetest Dream, p. 117.

Frontiers, June, 2001, Roberta Rubenstein, "Feminism, Eros, spell the Coming of Age,", pp. 1-20.

Globe and Mail (Toronto, Lake, Canada), November 24, 1984; Apr 6, 1985; December 21, 1985; August 6, 1988.

Hudson Review, issue, 2001, Alan Davis, review make acquainted Ben, in the World, proprietress.

141.

Kirkus Reviews, October 15, 2003, review of The Grandmothers, proprietress. 1246.

Library Journal, February 1, 2002, Beth Anderson, review of The Sweetest Dream, p. 131; Nov 15, 2003, Amy Ford, con of The Grandmothers, p. 100.

London Review of Books, April 22, 1993, p.

22.

Los Angeles Times, March 1, 1983; July 6, 1983; May 10, 1984; Jan 14, 1988; June 25, 1992, p. E12; October 20, 1994, p. E8; December 8, 1994, p. E1.

Los Angeles Times Jotter Review, March 1, 1981; Parade 21, 1982; February 10, 1985; October 13, 1985; October 20, 1985; March 27, 1988; Apr 6, 1988; November 1, 1992, p.

2; September 5, 1993, p. 6.

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New Republic, June 28, 1993, holder. 30.

New Statesman, April 20, 1962; November 8, 1963; October 31, 1997, p. 43; October 1, 2001, Stephanie Merriman, review familiar The Sweetest Dream, p.

83; December 8, 2003, Claire Messud, review of The Grandmothers, holder. 52.

Newsweek, October 14, 1985.

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New Yorker, June 10, 1996, proprietress. 88; November 17, 1997, proprietor. 108; February 18, 2002, Gladiator Menand, review of The Sweetest Dream, p. 193.

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51; April 18, 1996, pp. 13-15.

New York Times, Oct 21, 1972; October 23, 1979; March 27, 1980; January 19, 1981; January 29, 1982; Strut 14, 1983; April 22, 1984; October 5, 1984; October 23, 1984; July 14, 1985; Sept 17, 1985; March 30, 1988; June 14, 1988; June 16, 1992, p. C16; November 2, 1994, p.

C1.

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16.

Partisan Review, spring, 2002, Anthony Chennells, review of The Sweetest Dream, p. 297.

Publishers Weekly, September 19, 1994, p. 47; May 29, 2000, review of Ben, discern the World, p. 46; Jan 21, 2002, review of The Sweetest Dream, p. 63; Nov 17, 2003, review of The Grandmothers p.

40.

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Spectator, October 31, 1992, p. 38; October 22, 1994, p. 48; April 20, 1996, p. 42; October 18, 1997, p. 55; September 1, 2001, Philip Hensher, review of The Sweetest Dream, p. 33; Nov 15, 2003, Digby Durrant, study of The Grandmothers, p.

51.

Time, October 1, 1984; October 7, 1985; November 21, 1994.

Times (London, England), March 19, 1981; June 2, 1983; August 12, 1985; October 7, 1985.

Times Literary Supplement, November 23, 1979; May 9, 1980; April 17, 1981; Apr 2, 1982; June 3, 1983; September 13, 1985; May 8, 1987; October 17, 1987; Apr 22, 1988; December 18, 1992, p.

8; December, 2, 1994, p. 11; April 5, 1996, p. 27; December 5, 1997, p. 6.

Tribune Books (Chicago, IL), October 30, 1979; April 27, 1980; January 24, 1982; Sept 29, 1985; January 31, 1988; March 20, 1988; July 26, 1992, p. 3; January 3, 1993, p. 3; October 23, 1994, p. 1.

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15; January, 10, 1993, p. 5; October 16, 1994, p. 14; March 31, 1996, p. 7.

Women's Review unknot Books, March, 1995, p. 11; October, 1996, p. 11; Nov, 1997, p. 5.

World Literature Today, spring, 2002, Charles P. Sarvan, review of The Sweetest Dream, pp. 119-120.

World Literature Written cover English, November, 1973; April, 1976.

ONLINE

Doris Lessing Web site, http://www.dorislessing.org/ (August 3, 2004).